This course is designed to provide graduate students with an opportunity to examine Turkey's higher education system and to discover and analyze similarities and differences in comparison to higher education in the United States and other countries. The course will focus on Turkey's ancient and very recent university traditions. Turkey has several institutions of higher learning, which date back more than 500 years, and has seen rapid development and expansion among universities in the last few decades. Changes in national law in 1981 permitted the establishment of private non-profit universities. Today, there are 102 public universities and 52 private universities, several which are internationally ranked, all under the jurisdiction of central policy agencies and a national testing and admissions system.