This course is designed to provide graduate students with an opportunity to examine Turkey's higher education system & to discover & analyze similarities & differences in comparison to higher education in the United States & other countries. The course will focus on Turkey's ancient & very recent university traditions. Turkey has several institutions of higher learning, which date back more than 500 years, & has seen rapid development & expansion among universities in the last few decades. Changes in national law in 1981 permitted the establishment of private non-profit universities. Today, there are 102 public universities & 52 private universities, several which are internationally ranked, all under the jurisdiction of central policy agencies & a national testing & admissions system.