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Wronged: The Weaponization of Victimhood
Why is being a victim such a potent identity today? Who claims to be a victim, and why? How have such claims changed in the past century? Who benefits and who loses from the struggles over victimhood in public culture?
In this presentation, Lilie Chouliaraki shows how claiming victimhood is about claiming power: who deserves to be protected as a victim and who should be punished as a perpetrator. She does this by outlining a theory of victimhood based on, what she calls, a “politics of pain” and argues that even though victimhood has historically been used in struggles for equality and freedom for the systemically vulnerable, social media platforms and far-right populism have turned victimhood into a weapon of the privileged. Drawing on recent examples such as the overturning of Roe v. Wade and the COVID-19 pandemic, she reveals why claims of victimization are so effective at reinforcing instead of alleviating inequalities of class, gender, and race. She concludes with reflections on how the vocabulary of victimhood could be reclaimed and used in ways that benefit the vulnerable, empowering cultures of solidarity, and protesting against systems of cruelty and oppression.
Lilie Chouliaraki is Professor of Media and Communications at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Her work focuses on the ethical and political complexities of communicating human suffering in the media with particular emphasis on four domains in which suffering appears as a problem of communication: disaster news; humanitarian and human rights advocacy; war & conflict reporting and migration news. Her most recent work is on the cultural politics of victimhood in western societies. Her book on the topic, entitled Wronged. The Weaponization of Victimhood is published in Columbia University Press (2024). Other book publications include The Spectatorship of Suffering (2006), The Soft Power of War (ed., 2008), The Ironic Spectator. Solidarity in the Age of Post-humanitarianism (2013, ICA best book award), The Routledge Handbook of Humanitarian Communication (2021) and The Digital Border. Mobility, Technology, Power (2022).
